Guide: Pharmacology

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Guide to Insight into ligand Classes

Pharmacology is the science studying the effects of compounds on biological systems. It is a critical area of therapeutic research and a mandatory part of all drug development projects, as such processes have demanding requirements in terms of understanding, predicting and quantifying the ability of drug candidates to exert sought-after effects on the body. Pharmacology is therefore heavily involved in many steps of the drug development process, where it is part of early drug discovery steps and toxicology studies. It remains a significant aspect of all clinical trial stages from I through III.
Ligand-receptor relationships are especially relevant to applied pharmaceutical research, as the most important area of therapeutic research is that of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) which account for over 800 receptors and numerous functions in humans. In January 2018, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported that a total of 475 drugs targeting 108 GPCRs had received its approval (34% of all FDA-approved drugs), while an undisclosed number of drugs targeting 66 other GPCRs were undergoing clinical trials (Hauser A. S, 2018).

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